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IELTS Writing

2020-02-04 10:10:09   0  举报

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IELTS writing

IELTS

Writing

雅思写作

作者其他创作

大纲/内容

Letters

Tips

make them up int terms of time, locations, people, events, causes etc.

3 core issues corresponding to 3 paragraphs, each paragraph has 3-4 sentencs. (not one sentence only/evenly arranged for each paragraph)

simplied structure

Dear Sir or Madam,

I am writing this letter to

thank you for...

apologise for...

inform you of the changes (we have made to the high-level meeting between our two companies)

express my dissatisfaction with...

request some detailed information about...

suggest that...

apply for the psition of ... which you advertised in yesterday's "China Daily"

...(core idea 1)
...(core idea 1)
...(core idea 3)

I look forward to receiving your reply.

Yours faithfully,

Ryan

Topics

Thank you

I really appreciate that...

Thank you again for your kindness and for (doing..)

Apology

please accept my sincere apology for the inconvenience caused.

If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact me.

Complaint

I am writing to complain about...
I am sorry to inform you that..

Inquiry

I am wondering if...

I would be more than happy if you can give me some detailed information on...

Suggestion

It would be better for you to...

I strongly recommend that...

Thank you very much in advance for your understanding in this matter.

Application

I would be very grateful if you would consider this request.

I am fully convinced that I am the right person for this position.

Essay

Essay Types

Argumentation

Some ppl think...Other ppl think...

Discuss both views and give your own opinion

In order to learn language well, we should learn about the country as wellas the cultures and lifestyles of the ppl who speak it.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Report

Causes, Effects, Solutions

Today, there are more images of disasters and violence in the media.

What are the causes and what are your solutions?

Happiness is very important to individuals but it is very hard to define

Why is happiness hard to define? What is your definition of happiness?

Topics

Education

Ways, contents, purposes

Technology

Cellphone, internet, robots

Environment

Polution, energy, fauna and flora protection

Government

Functions, urban planing and administration, fund using

Society

Children, eldly, women, families, work, crime, media

Lifestyles

Clothing, food, accomodation, transport, languages, culture, ideology

Criteria

Task Response

Band 7

Addresses all parts of the task

Presents a clear position throughout the response

Band 6

Addresses all parts of the task although some parts may be more fully covered than others

Presents a relevant position although the conclusions may become unclear or repetitive

Coherence and Cohesion

Band 9

Uses cohesion in such a way that it attracts no attention

Band 7

Uses a range of cohesive devices appropriately although there may be some under-/over- use

Presents a clear central topic within each paragraph

Band 6

Uses cohesive devices effectively, but cohesion within and/or between sentences may be faulty or mechanical

May not always use referencing clearly or appropriately

Lexical Resouces

Band 7

Uses a suffient range of vocabulary to allow some flexibility and precision

Uses less common lexical items with some awareness of style and collacation

Band 6

Uses an adequate range of vocabulary for the task

Attempts to use less common vocabulary but with some inaccuracy

Grammatical Range and Accuracy

Band 7

Uses a variety of complex structures

Produces frequent error-free sentences

Band 6

Uses a mix of simple and complex sentence forms

Makes some errors in grammar and punctuation but they rarely reduce communication

Argumentation

Structure

Paragraph 1

(Topic & Opinions)

Nowadays, an increasing number of people are concerned about...

Background intro

1 However, whether universities should mainly provide job-related skills to graduates is a controversial issue.

2 However, whether universities should mainly provide job-related skills or pure knowledge to graduates has caused heated debate.

3 Some people state that universities should focus on giving access to knowledge; others believe that the knowledge and skills needed in the workplace are more important for university graduates.

Topic

1 My view is that...

2 In my view,...

3 I agree with the view that..., for the following reasons.

Views

Paragraph 2

(Rationale)

First, it is obvious that for most students, the purpose of receiving unviersity education is to obtain practical knowledge and skills which will enable them to become qualified employees in the future job market.

First reason

This is because most of them, after graduation, will enter workplace, earn a living, and support their own families.

This means that the courses focusing on jobs will become the most welcomed subjects which the majority of studentswill select.

If universities do not pay enough attention to such skills, most graduates will not be able to find satisfactory positionsin the workplace, leading to a higher unemployment rate.

Further explanation

So universities, as service providers, have to give top priority to these customers' real needs.

Therefore, it is crucial for universities to give top priority to the students' real needs.

Re-state your reason

Paragraph 3

(Examples)

Moreover, focusing on the job-related skills can benefit the university itself.

Second reason

Moreover/In addition/Besides

For example, the science fiction blockbuster Avatar has marked a milestone in the filmmaking industry and drawn massive interest in 3D technology.

Specific Examples

Specific, international and fashionable

If a university can quickly respond, and consolidate teaching resources to offer courses about 3D, not only will its graduates be more competitive in the job market, but the university itself will keep pace with the technological development and move forward.

Declaration

Paragraph 4

(Making concessions)

That is not to say that... not...

Those who harbor the view that the main function of universities should be to give access to the knowledge believe that the theoretic knowledge is the foundation of any practical skills.

This is not to say, however, that we should neglect the problems it has caused. But to acknowledge the positive impact only would be short sighted.

Opposite opinions

There are, of course, students interested in knowledge for its own sake, and wll later become scientists and scholars who will make greater contributions to our society.

Justify

But unfortunately these people are few.

But still, the cons are far greater.

Not reasonable part

Paragraph 5

(Conclusion)

In sum, the major function of universities should be provding most students job-related skills, guaranteeing high rate of employment, and thus making the society function well.

Re-state your views

Meanwhile, we should not ignore the other important roles universities are undertaking.

Not to neglect opposite opinions

Only by doing so can universities maintain dynamic and sustainable development.

Go deeper

Topics

Education

Five purposes of education

Moral

Improve moral standard

Intellectual

Theoretical knowledge

Independent and critical thinking

Analyzing skills and problem-solving ability

Communication and social skills

Adapat to new environment

Physical

Develop physical fitness

Healthy lifestyle

Psychological

Self-cultivation

An appreciation of art and literature

Work

Practical skills

Improve career prospects

Environment

Issues

Climate change, global warming

Air pollution, increase of rubbish/garbage

Energy crisis, water shortage, deforestation

Natural disasters, acid rain, sand storms, drought, flood

Causes

Population growth

Industrial development

Long-term human activities

Solutions

Global cooperation, reach the agreement, set international standards for environmental protection

Make laws, encourage low carbon economy

Exploit renewable, green energy, invest in energy-saving technologies

Promote environment-friendly products, lead green consuming habits

Raise public's green awareness, encourage low carbon lifestyle

Technology

Positive impacts

Improve work efficiency

Convenience, with click of a mouse, cost-effective

Promote and faciliatate communication

Obtain information in various ways, enrich one's knowledge

Negative impacts

Infringe/invade one's privacy

Less quality family time, increasing work pressure

Security issue, cyber crimes

Questionable contents, pornography, violence

Physical problem, radiation, weaken eyesight, less outdoor exercise

Psychological problem, indulge in virtual world, become solitary, be isolated from the real world, weaken the relationships with family members and friends

Government

Causes

Every government's basic obligation

ensure national security

stabilize the society

enhance social welfare system

perfect the public facilities

Be able to pool and dominate various resources

Give top priority to investments on education, technology and basic human needs, then invest in entertainment facilities to increase emotional wellbeing and enrich one's cultural life

Society

Older Generation

Rich experience in both work and life, good consultants

Coaches, doctors, look after grandchildren

Do some volunteer work

Medical care and pension pose a financial burden for government

Labor shortage, economy hole

Children

Curiosity, imitate, quick to learn

Lack of self-control, unable to distinguish right from wrong

Vulnerable to negative influences

Critical time of physical and psychological development