CMMI开发模型组件一览（中英文）
2020-06-09 09:55:43 1 举报CMMI开发模型组件一览（中英文）
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SP2.2: Establish and maintain records of the organizational training.建立和维护组织培训的记录。
SP2.2: Conduct peer reviews of selected work products and identify issues resulting from these reviews.对所选择的工作产品执行同级互查，并识别由这些互查发现的问题。
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SP1.2: Perform causal analysis of selected outcomes and propose actions to address them. font color=\"#0066cc\
SP3.2: Establish and maintain a definition of required functionality and quality attributes.建立和维护所需功能性和质量属性的定义。
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SP2.2: Take corrective action on identified issues.对已识别的问题采取纠正措施。
SG2: A project plan is established and maintained as the basis for managing the project.建立并维护一个项目计划，以作为管理项目的基础。
SP3.1: Implement the designs of the product components.实施产品组件的设计。
SP1.1: Select products and product components to be validated and validation methods to be used.选择将被确认的产品和产品组件，以及所使用的确认方法。
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SP2.3: Perform root cause analysis of selected issues to address deficiencies in achieving the work group’s quality and process performance objectives.对选择的问题进行根本诱因分析，以解决实现工作组的质量和过程绩效目标上的不足。
SP2.2: Implement process action plans.实施过程行动计划。
SP2.2: Establish and maintain records of quality assurance activities.建立和维护质量保证活动的记录。
SG3: Integrity of baselines is established and maintained.基线的完整性得到建立和维护。
SP1.2: Establish and maintain a configuration management and change management system for controlling work products.建立和维护一个配置管理和变更管理系统以控制工作产品。
SP3.2: Deploy the organization’s set of standard processes to work groups at their startup and deploy changes to them as appropriate throughout the work.在工作启动时向工作组部署组织标准过程集，并在工作的过程中适当地部署变更。
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SP3.3: Evaluate assembled product components for interface compatibility.评价组装好的产品组件以确定接口的兼容性。
SP2.3: Identify interface requirements.识别接口需求。
PI产品集成
SP2.3: Manage corrective actions to closure.管理纠正措施直至结束。
SG1: Preparation for validation is conducted.确认的准备工作得到执行。
SP1.1: Establish and maintain the description of process needs and objectives for the organization. 建立和维护组织过程需要和目标的描述。
SP3.1: Develop a risk mitigation plan in accordance with the risk management strategy.按照风险管理策略，为项目制订风险缓解计划。
SP3.1: Perform verification on selected work products.对所选择的工作产品执行验证。
SG1: Preparation for product integration is conducted.产品集成的准备活动得到执行。
SG1: Preparation for verification is conducted.验证的准备活动得到执行。
GP2.6: Control Work Products: Place designated work products of the requirements management process under appropriate levels of control.控制工作产品：将需求管理过程中指定的工作产品进行适当级别的控制。
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SG1: Estimates of project planning parameters are established and maintained.建立并维护项目计划参数的估计。
SP2.1: Elicit and categorize suggested improvements. 寻求和分类提议的改进。
RSKM风险管理
GP2.1: Establish an Organizational Policy：Establish and maintain an organizational policy for planning and performing the requirements management process.建立组织级方针：建立和维护一个组织级方针来规划和执行需求管理过程。
SP1.1: Select outcomes for analysis. 选择用于分析的结果。
SP1.1: Establish and maintain the quality and process-performance objectives for the work.建立和维护工作的质量和过程绩效目标。
CMMI-DEV Model ComponentsCMMI开发模型组件
SP1.1: Establish and maintain a product integration strategy. 建立和维护产品集成策略。
SP2.1: Prepare for peer reviews of selected work products.为所选择工作产品的同级互查做准备。
SP1.4: Select measures and analytic techniques to be used in quantitative management. 选择用于量化管理中的度量和分析方法。
SP1.3: Define the project life-cycle phases upon which to scope the planning effort.定义项目的生命周期阶段，并据此确定计划工作的范围。
OT组织级培训
SP2.7: Establish and maintain the overall project plan content.建立并维护整个项目计划的内容。
SP2.5: Plan for knowledge and skills needed to perform the project.计划执行项目所需要的知识和技能。
GG (Generic Goals)通用目标(3)
SG2: Training for individuals to perform their roles effectively is provided.个人有效执行其角色的培训得到提供。
SP2.2: Analyze and interpret measurement data.分析和解释度量数据。
OPP 组织级过程性能
SG1: The work is conducted using a defined process tailored from the organization's set of standard processes.通过使用从组织标准过程集裁剪得到的定义过程，工作得到执行。
SP2.2: Identify and analyze project risks. 确定并分析项目风险。
SP1.3: Monitor risks against those identified in the work plan.监督那些在工作计划中识别的风险。
SP3.1: Establish and maintain records describing configuration items.建立和维护描述配置项的记录。
CAR原因分析与解决
GP2.8: Monitor and Control the Process: Monitor and control the requirements management process against the plan for performing the process and take appropriate corrective action.监控流程：按本过程的执行计划，监督和控制需求管理过程，并采取适当的纠正措施。
SP2.1: Obtain specified measurement data.获取定义的度量数据。
SP1.3: Establish and maintain procedures and criteria for validation.建立和维护确认的规程和标准。
SP3.2: Assemble product components according to the product integration strategy and procedures.根据产品集成策略及规程将产品组件组装起来。
SG1: Product or product-component solutions are selected from alternative solutions.从可选择方案中选择产品或产品组件的解决方案。
SG2: Corrective actions are managed to closure when the work performance or results deviate significantly from the plan.当工作绩效或结果与计划发生严重偏离的时候，纠正措施得到管理并直至结束。
SP2.1: Perform validation on selected products and product components.对所选择的产品和产品组件执行确认活动。
SP1.4: Select evaluation methods. 选择评价方法。
SG1: Requirements are managed and inconsistencies with project plans and work products are identified.管理需求，并确定项目需求与项目计划和工作产品之间的不一致性。
SG1: Decisions are based on an evaluation of alternatives using established criteria.在使用已建立的标准评价可选择方案的基础上作出决策。
SP2.2: Control changes to configuration items.控制配置项的变更。
SP1.6: Select solutions from alternatives based on evaluation criteria.基于评价标准从可选择方案中选择解决方案。
SP1.5: Monitor stakeholder involvement against the plan.对照计划监督关键人员的参与。
SP1.2: Appraise the organization’s processes periodically and as needed to maintain an understanding of their strengths and weaknesses.定期地和在需要时评估组织过程以维护对组织过程强项和弱项的理解。
SP2.4: Report results of measurement and analysis activities to all relevant stakeholders.向所有相关的关键人员报告度量与分析活动的结果。
SP2.1: Communicate quality issues and ensure the resolution of noncompliance issues with the staff and managers.交流质量问题，并与员工和管理者一起确保解决不符合问题。
SP3.5: Validate requirements to ensure the resulting product will perform as intended in the user’s environment.确认需求以确保结果产品将在用户环境中按照预期方式执行。
SP1.7: Review accomplishments and results at selected milestones.在选定的里程碑处，评审完成情况和结果。
SP1.4: Maintain bidirectional traceability among the requirements and the project plans and work products. 维护需求与项目计划和工作产品之间的双向可跟踪性。
SP2.2: Allocate the requirements for each product component.为每个产品组件分配需求。
SP2.1: Establish and maintain the project’s budget and schedule.建立并维护项目的预算和进度。
SP2.3: Assess the effectiveness of the organization’s training program.评估组织培训方案的有效性。
SP2.1: Develop a design for the product or product component.为产品或产品组件开发设计。
SP2.2: Establish and maintain a technical data package.建立和维护一个技术数据包。
SP1.1: Establish and maintain measurement objectives derived from identified information needs and objectives.建立和维护度量目标，这些目标是从已识别的信息需要和目标中导出的。
SP1.2: Specify measures to address the measurement objectives.定义度量以实现度量目标。
SP1.2: Select the product-component solutions based on selection criteria.基于选择标准选择产品组件解决方案。
SP1.3: Specify how measurement data are obtained and stored.定义如何获取和存储度量数据。
SP1.5: Establish and maintain the organization's process asset library.建立和维护组织过程资产文档库。
SP1.3: Identify improvements to the organization's processes and process assets.识别对组织过程和过程资产的改进。
SP1.1: Establish and maintain the strategic training needs of the organization.建立和维护组织的战略培训需要。
GG1: Achieve Specific Goals.达成特定目标。
SP3.2: Manage the deployment of selected improvements.管理所选改进的部署。
RD需求开发
SG3: Risks are handled and mitigated as appropriate to reduce adverse impacts on achieving objectives.风险在合适时得到处理和缓解，以降低对实现目标所带来的负面影响。
SP2.1: Establish and maintain process action plans to address improvements to the organization's processes and process assets.过程行动计划得到建立和维护，以改进组织过程和过程资产。
SG1: Preparation for risk management is conducted.风险管理的准备工作得到执行。
SP1.4: Establish and maintain a training capability to address organizational training needs.建立和维护满足组织培训需求的培训能力。
SP1.3: Select the subprocesses and attributes critical to evaluating performance and that help to achieve the quality and process performance objectives for the work. 选择能帮助实现工作质量和过程绩效目标以及对于评价绩效至关重要的子过程和属性。
PPQA过程与产品质量保证
SP1.3: Establish and maintain an organizational training tactical plan.建立和维护一份组织培训实施计划。
SG3: Organizational process assets are deployed across the organization and process-related experiences are incorporated into organizational process assets.组织过程资产在整个组织内得到部署，并且与过程相关的经验得以纳入到组织过程资产中。
VAL确认
SG2: Process actions that address improvements to the organization’s processes and process assets are planned and implemented.计划并实施改进组织过程和过程资产的过程行动。
SP1.3: Establish and maintain verification procedures and criteria for the selected work products.建立和维护针对所选择工作产品的验证规程和标准。
SP3.1: Establish and maintain plans for deploying selected improvements.建立和维护部署所选改进的计划。
SG2: Peer reviews are performed on selected work products.对所选择的工作产品执行同级互查。
SP3.1: Review all plans that affect the project to understand project commitments. 审查影响项目的所有计划来了解项目承诺。
PP项目计划
SP1.1: Establish and maintain the defined process from startup throughout the work.建立并维护工作的定义过程，从启动开始，贯穿整个工作。
IPM集成项目管理
SG2: Product or product-component designs are developed.产品或产品组件设计得到开发。
SG3: Selected work products are verified against their specified requirements.对照指定需求，所选择的工作产品得到验证。
SP1.2: Establish and maintain estimates of work products and tasks attributes. 建立并维护工作产品和任务属性的估计。
SP1.5: Evaluate alternative solutions using established criteria and methods. 使用已建立的标准和方法评价可选择方案。
DAR 决策分析与解决
MA度量与分析
SP1.7: Contribute process related experiences to organizational process assets.将过程相关经验贡献给组织过程资产。
SP1.3: Establish and maintain the work environment based on the organization's work environment standards.基于组织工作环境标准，建立和维护工作环境。
SP1.5: Establish and maintain process performance models for the organization's set of standard processes.建立和维护组织标准过程集的过程绩效模型。
SP1.3: Establish and maintain procedures and criteria for integration of the product components.建立和维护产品组件集成的规程和标准。
SP2.2: Analyze the results of validation activities. 分析确认活动的结果。
GP3.1: Establish a Defined Process: Establish and maintain the description of a defined requirements development process. 建立已定义流程：建立并维护已定义需求开发流程的说明。
SP1.3: Identify potential areas for improvement that could contribute to meeting business objectives. 识别可以为满足商业目标作出贡献的潜在改进领域。
OPM组织级绩效管理
SP1.1: Develop an understanding with the requirements providers on the meaning of the requirements.与需求提供者一起理解需求的含义。
SP1.6: Establish and maintain work environment standards.建立和维护工作环境标准。
SP3.3: Monitor the implementation of the organization’s set of standard processes and use of process assets on all work.监督组织标准过程集的实施以及过程资产在所有工作上的使用。
GP2.7: Identify and Involve Relevant Stakeholders: Identify and involve the relevant stakeholders of the requirements management process as planned.确定并纳入相关人员：按照计划确定并纳入与需求管理过程有关的相关人员。
SG1: Measurement objectives and activities are aligned with identified information needs and objectives.度量目标和活动与已识别的信息需要和目标保持一致。
SP2.3: Design product component interfaces using established criteria.使用已建立的标准设计产品组件接口。
SP3.1: Deploy organizational process assets across the organization.在整个组织内部署组织过程资产。
SP1.3: Establish and maintain definitions of measures to be included in the organization's process performance analyses.建立和维护将会被包括在组织过程绩效分析中的度量的定义。
SAM供方协议管理
SG (Specific Goal)特定目标(50)
GP2.2: Plan the Process: Establish and maintain the plan for performing the requirements management process.规划过程：建立和维护执行需求管理过程的计划。
SG2: Changes to the work products under configuration management are tracked and controlled.配置管理下的工作产品变更得到跟踪和控制。
SP2.1: Implement selected action proposals developed in causal analysis. 实施在诱因分析时选择出来的行动提议。
GG2: Institutionalize a Managed Process.制度化为已管理的过程。
SP1.2: Establish and maintain the environment needed to support verification.建立和维护支持验证所需的环境。
SG2: The work is quantitatively managed.工作得到量化管理。
SG3: The requirements are analyzed and validated.需求得到分析和确认。
SP2.2: Ensure that the supplier agreement is satisfied before accepting the acquired product.在接受所采购的产品前，确保供方协议得到履行。
OPD组织级过程定义
SP3.2: Reconcile the project plan to reflect available and estimated resources.调整项目计划，以此来反映可用的资源和估计的资源。
SP1.2: Select the processes or subprocesses in the organization's set of standard processes to be included in the organization's process performance analyses and maintain traceability to business objectives. 在组织标准过程集中选择将会包括在组织过程绩效分析中的过程或子过程，并维护与商业目标的可追溯性。
SG2: The product or product components are validated to ensure they are suitable for use in their intended operating environment.产品或产品组件得到确认以确保它们适合在其预期的操作环境下使用。
SP2.1: Collect and analyze issues and determine corrective actions to address them.收集和分析问题并确定纠正措施以解决这些问题。
SP1.2: Analyze process performance data to determine the organization’s ability to meet identified business objectives. 分析过程绩效数据，以确定组织满足已识别商业目标的能力。
SP1.1: Maintain business objectives based on an understanding of business strategies and actual performance results. 基于对商业策略和实际绩效结果的理解来维护商业目标。
SP1.1: Monitor actual values of planning parameters against the work plan.对照工作计划，监督计划参数的实际值。
SP1.5: Ensure that project plans and work products remain aligned with requirements.确保需求与项目计划和工作产品间之间能够对应起来。
SG2: Coordination and collaboration of relevant stakeholders are conducted.与相关关键人员的协调和合作得到执行。
SP2.3: Record causal analysis and resolution data for use across projects and the organization.记录供组织和项目使用的诱因分析和决议的数据。
GP1.1: Perform Specific Practices 执行特定实践：执行过程域的特定实践，以开发工作产品并提供服务来达成过程域的特定目标。
SP1.4: Integrate the work plan and other plans that affect the work to describe the defined process for the work.集成工作计划和影响工作的其他计划来描述工作的定义过程。
SP1.2: Monitor commitments against those identified in the work plan.监督那些在工作计划中识别的承诺。
SP1.1: Establish a top-level work breakdown structure (WBS) to estimate the scope of the project.建立顶层的工作分解结构图（WBS）来估计项目的范围。
SP2.1: Deliver training following the organizational training tactical plan.遵循组织培训实施计划提供培训。
SP3.1: Establish and maintain operational concepts and associated scenarios.建立和维护操作设想和关联的场景。
SP3.3: Obtain commitment from relevant stakeholders responsible for performing and supporting plan execution. 从负责执行与支持计划的相关人员那里获得承诺。
SP3.4: Package the assembled product or product component and deliver it to the customer.font color=\"#0066cc\
SG3: Measurable improvements to the organization’s processes and technologies are deployed and evaluated using statistical and other quantitative techniques. 使用统计和其他量化技巧，组织过程和技术的可度量改进得到部署和评价。
SP2.3: Resolve issues with relevant stakeholders.与相关关键人员一起解决问题。
SP1.2: Use organizational process assets and measurement repository for estimating and planning work activities.使用组织过程资产和度量库估算和计划工作活动。
SG2: Risks are identified and analyzed to determine their relative importance.风险得到识别和分析以确定其相对的重要性。
SG1: Baselines of identified work products are established.已识别工作产品的基线得到建立。
SP1.2: Select suppliers based on an evaluation of their ability to meet the specified requirements and established criteria.评价供方满足规定需求与已建立准则的能力，并以此为基础选择供方。
OPF组织级过程关注
SP1.1: Select work products to be verified and verification methods to be used.选择将会被验证的工作产品以及将会使用的验证方法。
SP3.4: Analyze requirements to balance stakeholder needs and constraints.分析需求以平衡关键人员的需要和限制条件。
REQM 需求管理
SP2.3: Plan for the management of project data.制定项目数据的管理的计划。
SG3: Commitments to the project plan are established and maintained.建立并维护对项目计划的承诺。
SG1: Preparation for quantitative management is conducted. 量化管理的准备工作得到执行。
SP1.6: Establish and maintain teams.建立和维护团队。
SP3.2: Monitor the status of each risk periodically and implement the risk mitigation plan as appropriate.定期地监督每个风险的状态并在适当时实施风险缓解计划。
SP2.3: Ensure the transition of products acquired from the supplier.确保采购自供方的产品的移交。
SP2.1: Perform activities with the supplier as specified in the supplier agreement.与供方共同执行供方协议中规定的活动。
SP1.2: Define parameters used to analyze and categorize risks and to control the risk management effort.定义用于分析风险和对风险进行分类的参数，以及用于控制风险管理工作量的参数。
SP1.2: Establish and maintain descriptions of life-cycle models approved for use in the organization.建立和维护批准在组织中使用的生命周期模型的描述。
SG1: A set of organizational process assets is established and maintained.一套组织过程资产得到建立和维护。
SP1.2: Obtain commitment to the requirements from the project participants.取得项目成员对需求的承诺。
SP1.3: Identify alternative solutions to address issues. 识别可选择方案来解决问题。
GP (Generic Practices)通用实践 (13)
SP3.4: Incorporate process-related experiences derived from planning and performing the process into organizational process assets. 将计划和执行过程得到的与过程相关的经验纳入到组织过程资产。
SG2: Agreements with suppliers are satisfied by both the project and the supplier.与供方的协议得到项目与供方双方的履行。
SP2.3: Validate selected improvements. 确认所选择的改进。
TS技术解决方案
SP1.1: Establish and maintain guidelines to determine which issues are subject to a formal evaluation process.建立和维护指南以确定哪些问题需要一个正式评价过程。
SP1.3: Establish and maintain the strategy to be used for risk management.建立和维护用于风险管理的策略。
SP2.1: Identify and document risks.识别并记录风险。
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SP1.1: Determine risk sources and categories.确定风险的来源和类别。
SP1.2: Establish and maintain the environment needed to support the integration of the product components.建立和维护支持产品组件集成所需的环境。
SP (Specific Practice)特定实践(167)
SP2.2: Manage the work using statistical and other quantitative techniques to determine whether or not the quality and process performance objectives for the work will be satisfied. 使用统计学和其它量化方法管理工作，以确定工作质量和过程绩效目标是否能得到满足。
SP3.2: Develop and maintain the end-use documentation.开发和维护最终使用的文档。
SP2.2: Analyze suggested improvements for their possible impact on achieving the organization’s quality and process performance objectives. 分析建议的改进对实现组织质量和过程绩效目标的可能影响。
PMC项目监控
SP1.4: Specify how measurement data are analyzed and reported.定义如何分析和报告度量数据。
PA (Process Area)过程域(22)
SP2.4: Plan for resources to perform the project.计划执行项目所需要的资源。
SP1.1: Determine the type of acquisition for each product or product component to be acquired.为要采购的每一个产品或产品组件确定采购类型。
SP1.3: Establish and maintain supplier agreements.建立并维护供方协议。
SP3.3: Analyze requirements to ensure that they are necessary and sufficient.分析需求以确保其是必需的和充分的。
CM配置管理
SG1: Actual progress and performance are monitored against the work plan.对照工作计划，实际绩效和进展得到监督。
SP1.2: Establish and maintain the environment needed to support validation.建立和维护支持确认所需的环境。
SP1.4: Establish and maintain the organization’s measurement repository.建立和维护组织度量库。
SP1.1: Establish and maintain the organization's set of standard processes.建立和维护组织标准过程集。
GG3: Institutionalize a Defined Process.制度化为已定义的过程。
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SP2.2: Evaluate the effect of implemented actions on process performance.评价实施的行动对于过程绩效的影响。
SP1.3: Establish and maintain tailoring criteria and guidelines for the organization's set of standard processes.建立和维护组织标准过程的裁剪标准和指南。
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SG2: Root causes of selected outcomes are systematically addressed. 系统地解决所选结果的根本诱因。
SP1.2: Determine which training needs are the responsibility of the organization and which are left to the individual project or support group.确定哪些培训需求是组织的职责，而哪些是单个项目或支持组的职责。
SP3.2: Perform configuration audits to maintain the integrity of configuration baselines.执行配置审核以维护配置基线的完整性。
SP2.1: Manage the involvement of relevant stakeholders in the work.管理相关关键人员在工作中的参与度。
GP2.5: Train People: Train the people performing or supporting the requirements management process as needed.培训人员：依需要培训人员来执行或支持需求管理过程。
SP1.1: Develop alternative solutions and selection criteria.开发可选择的方案和选择标准。
VER验证
SG1: Agreements with the suppliers are established and maintained.与供方的协议得到建立与维护。
SG2: Customer requirements are refined and elaborated to develop product and product-component requirements.客户需求得到提炼和详细阐述以开发产品和产品组件的需求。
SP2.6: Plan the involvement of identified stakeholders.计划已确定的项目相关人员的参与。
SP3.3: Evaluate the effects of deployed improvements on quality and process performance using statistical and other quantitative techniques. 运用统计学和其它量化方法评价已部署改进对质量和过程绩效的影响。
SP1.3: Manage changes to the requirements as they evolve during the project.当项目需求在项目进行期间渐进演化时，管理需求的变更。
SP2.1: Review interface descriptions for coverage and completeness.评审接口描述的覆盖率和完整性。
SG1: Root causes of selected outcomes are systematically determined. 所选择结果的根本诱因得到系统地确定。
SP2.1: Track change requests for configuration items.跟踪配置项的变更请求。
SP2.1: Monitor the performance of selected subprocesses using statistical and other quantitative techniques.运用统计和其它量化方法监督所选择子过程的绩效。
SP1.4: Estimate the project effort and cost for the work products and tasks based on estimation rationale.依据估计理由，估计工作产品和项目任务所需的的工作量和成本。
SP1.4: Monitor the management of data against the work plan.对照工作计划监督数据的管理。
SP3.2: Analyze the results of all verification activities.分析所有验证活动的结果。
QPM量化项目管理
SP1.3: Create or release baselines for internal use and for delivery to the customer.创建或发布供内部使用和交付给客户的基线。
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