人教版英语七上
2021-07-22 15:49:37 0 举报AI智能生成
初一上册英语知识点总结
作者其他创作
大纲/内容
Unit 1: My name's Gina.（介绍自己）
Main points
Name(辨识姓和名，男和女）
First name/Given name
女：Gina, Jenny, Mary, Linda, Sally, Kate, Anna, Jane
男：Alen, Tom, Mike, Paul, John, David
Last name/Family name
Brown, Miller, Green, Smith
中文名的书写
Xu Mengying
姓氏前的称谓（正式场合or陌生人之间）
Mr. (Mister)
Mr. Green / Mr. Jim Green
复数 Messrs(各位先生）
Messrs Smith, Green and Jones
不可与职业、职称、军衔并用；可与职衔并用
Mr. Doctor (×） Mr. President(√）
Mrs. (Mistress)
已婚女性
Mrs. Smith/ Mrs. John Smith
复数 Mesdames (Mmes.)
Mmes. Rama and Kadul
Mr. and Mrs. Smith 史密斯夫妇
Miss（无小点）
未婚姑娘，女子
Miss Xu （徐老师）
复数 the Misses
the Misses Maton and Raman
还多翻译为“老师”
Ms.
已婚未婚都可，不确定时就很方便
sir (可单独使用）
madam
Phone number（0-9的读写）
Key sentences
What 引导的特殊疑问句
What's your/his/her name/phone number/first name/last name? ---My/his/hername/...is...
Be 动词引导的一般疑问句
Is he Jcak? ---Yes, he is./ No , he isn't.
Are you Helen? --- Yes, I am. / No, I'm not.
Nice to meet you. ---Nice to meet you, too.
Grammer
缩写
what's /who's / who're / name's / I'm / he's / she's / it's / that's / they're/ isn't / aren't.
形容词性物主代词
my / your / his / her / their
a/an/the
a
辅音发音
a university/ ufo/ European
an
五个元音字母：a,e,i,o,u
元音发音
an hour, an umbrella
the（定冠词）(辅音/the/、元音/thi/、强调/thi/
表特指
前面提到过的
A car just passed by. The car is beautiful.
双方都知道，都能体会到的
where is the key?
世上独一无二的
the sun/sky/world/nature
专有名词前
the People's Republic of China
特指的
The supper my mother cooked was delicious.
加强特指（正好是，刚好是）
She is the right person for the job. He is the man!
表示类别
一类物（表抽象概念）(+adj)
the beautiful（美的东西）
一类人(+adj)
the+特征品质特性
the rich/poor/blind/deaf/old/young/weak/strong/dead
the + 过去分词转化的adj.
the wounded/ injured/ killed/ employed/ unemployed
表国籍的形容词
the British/ English/ Chinese/ Germans
+noun(表一类，偶尔会有歧义）
A tiger can be dangerous.(老虎这一类属比较危险，即这一类中的任何一只都比较危险）
The tiger can be dangerous.（这只老虎比较危险、、老虎这一类属比较危险）
The doctor is well paid. (这个医生收入很好）Docters are well paid.（医生这个属类收入很好）
The tiger is in danger of being extinct.（此时只能用the，而不能用a，概括这个类属所有的成员）
+姓氏的复数名词，表一家人
the Greens/Blacks
语法用法
序数词前
the first/second
形容词only，same 前
He is the only one who survived from that war.
其他固定短语
in the morning / in the end / by the way / in the rain
零冠词
一般在复数名词、不可数名词、专有名词前
I love ice-cream. / My friend lives in China.
Extension
人称与他们的格
本单元只要求掌握形容词性物主代词
名词所有格
单数名词： Mary's / my father's
复数不以-s结尾： children's / people's
复数以-s结尾： parents'
Jim and joe's father / Jim's and Joe's room (问Jim 和 Joe 是什么关系？他们是否住在一间屋子里？）
Tom isn't a student, is he? --- Yes, he is. (不，他是一个学生）/ No, he isn't. (是的，他不是）
介绍自己及他人的7个方面
name and age
3-year-old girl
nationality
chinese/ I'm from China. / I come from China.
family
phone number
school and class
favorite things and hobbies
personality
Unit 2：This is my sister.(介绍他人）
Main points
Family（父母两边亲属称呼与中国不同，more simple）
parent（s）/ grandparent(s)
Family photo
Key sentences
Who 引导的特殊疑问句
Who's she / he / they? ---She's / He's / They're ...
介绍他人
This is / That's / These are / Those are ...
What's this in English?= What's the English for...?
Have a good day ! ---Thanks, you too.
Here are two nice photos of my family. (这是…，这儿有…）与 There be 句型区分，这里并没有就近原则！
Grammar
指示代词(only做主语时既可指人，又可指物）
that / this /those / these
人(it,they,提问时使用的指示代词）：Who’s that? ---That’s / It’s LiuDehua. Who's those? ---Those are / They're my parents.
物（只能用it,they）：What are those? ---They are basketballs. （√） ---Those are basketballs.(×）
物（只能用it,they）：What are those? ---They are basketballs. （√） ---Those are basketballs.(×）
These are my parents.（√） He is going to marry this.(×）
Extension
定语从句中的指示代词
that
不可指人
those
可指人and物（those who / those which）
ONE / IT / THAT
one
泛指
I can't find my pen, and I think I need to buy one.
that
同类不同个
Your pen is much more expensive than that I bought.
it
同一个
Oh, I guess I just find it .That's my pen!
Unit 3: Is this your pencil? (ownership)
Main points
Things in the classroom
pencil, pencil box, school bag, book, notebook, eraser, dictionary, baseball, computer game, ID card, watch, ring, bag
Lost and Found
ask sb. for sth. (Ask the teacher for it.)
email sb. at ... / call sb. at ...
a set of keys (There is a set of keys.) (There are two sets of keys.)
thank you for.../ thanks for
Key sentences
BE一般疑问句identify某物
Is this/that your book? --- Yes, it is. It's mine. / No, it isn't. It's hers.
Are these/those your book? ---Yes, they are. They're mine. / No, they aren't. They're his.
Excuse me.
How about...? / What about...?
非正式场合中对所谈内容进行反问，或向对方征求意见。表示“你呢？”“…又怎么样呢？”“…如何？”
Grammar
名词性物主代词
与unit 1 表格相同。
The blue pen is his. = The blue pen is his pen.
The model plane is hers(Mary's).
特定某人的某物 （sb.'s）Mary's , Jame's , Meng Ying's
Extension
He's not. 与 He isn't. 的意义差别
Is he James? ---No, he isn't.(强调定论，单纯表达不是）
Isn't he a bad boy? --- No, he's not! (强调辩解，重点在not上）
注意单数、复数
BE一般疑问句identify 某人
Is this/that your aunt? --- Yes, this/that/it is.
Are these/those your parents? ---No, these/those/they aren't.
Unit 4 : Where's my school bag? (物品位置）
Main points
Things around the house
furniture
table, bed, sofa, chair, desk, bookcase, bookcase
stationery
radio, tape player, tape,
other
model plane, clock, hat,
Introduce your room
on / in / under
in the room / box / bag...
on the bookcase / sofa /chair / wall / desk / bed...
under the bed / chair / desk ...
tidy / untidy
Key sentences
Where 引导的特殊疑问句
Where's the ...? ---It's in / on / under...
Where are the...? ---They are in / on / under...
BE一般疑问句猜测方位
Is your book on the desk? ---Yes, it is.(与前几单元同，不再赘述）
陈述句介绍方位【学会使用连接词 and/but】
My books and tapes are on the bookcase.
My pencil box is in my schoolbag and my schoolbag is under my chair.
Come on !/ Hurry(up)!
Grammar
方位介词大总结
Extension
There be 句型介绍房间（就近原则）
There is a clock and two pictures on the wall.
There are two pictures and a clock on the wall.
Unit 5：Do you have a soccer ball?
Main points
Do you have ...
What do you think if it?
relaxing, difficult, easy, fun, interesting, dangerous, boring
Key sentences
Do you(they) have a ping-pong bat? ---Yes,I(they) do(=have a ping-pong bat)./ No, I(they) don't.
Does she(he) have a baseball? --- Yes, she(he) does./No, she(he) doesn't.
省略句：I don't have a soccer ball, but my brother Alan does(=has a soccer ball).
Let's play computer games! Let your little sister do it! (Let us/Let's + do something)
I think... / ......, I think.
Grammar
三单 (不规则：have-has;be-is)
have a baseball / play baseball(球类、棋类前0冠词）
Unit 6：Do you like bananas?(Food)
Main points
讨论食物喜好
水果蔬菜
pear, strawberry, orange, banana, tomato, potato, carrot,vegetable, fruit,
其他
hamburger, ice-cream, salad, milk, bresd, rice, chicken, egg
Key sentences
Sounds good!
That sounds good/interesting/wonderful.(在结构上与It looks nice.相似）
Grammar（noun）
可数名词（countable nouns）
-s
读音
清辅音|s|
friends
浊辅音|z|
cats
-es
以o结尾的单词
英雄爱吃西红柿土豆（hero，tomato， potato）
注意：pianos, photos
以s, z, x, ch, sh结尾，读|iz|
buses, foxes, matches
辅音字母+y 结尾--> 去y变i +es
ladies, fairies, candies
-f 或-fe结尾 --> 变f/fe 为v ,+es, 读|vz|
knives, lives, leaves
注意： roofs, beliefs
不规则
foot--feet ; tooth--teeth ; man--men ; mouse--mice
child--children ; ox--oxen
单复数同型
deer--deer; fish--fish(同一种类鱼）； sheep--sheep
不可数名词(uncountable nouns)
milk, bread, rice, meat
即可数又不可数
fruit （作为集合代词时不可数，当指种类时可数）
What fruit do you like?
Different trees bear different fruits.
fish, chicken
food, ice-cream, salad
Unit 7: How much are these socks?
Main points
问价/写广告
物品(注意单复数)
T-shirt, trousers, sweater, shorts, jacket, hat, skirt, socks, shoes, bag
颜色
（in）yellow, purple, brown, white, green, blue, red, black
大小
价格
dollers, at sale,
Key sentences
How much are these socks? --- They're two dollers. / Two dollers for one pair.
Can I help you? --- Yes, please. /No, thanks.
What do you need?/ What color do you want?/ Do you like the orange one?
What about .../How about...
Come and buy your clothes at our great sale!
I'll take it. / I'll take two pairs.
Here you are.
Two dollers foe one pair and three dollers for two pairs.
专有名词首字母大写 Mr. Cool's Clothes Store / No.6 Middle School
Come and buy your clothes at our great sale!
We sale all our clothes at very good prices.
Grammar
量词
生活用品
an article of clothing 一件衣物
a roll of toilet paper一卷卫生纸
a ball of wool 一个毛线球
a pane of glass 一块玻璃
a roll of newspaper 一卷报纸
a bar of soap 一块肥皂
a tube of toothpaste 一支牙膏
a packet of cigarettes 一盒香烟
a stick/piece of chalk 一支粉笔
a pad of paper 一叠纸
an article of clothing 一件衣物
a roll of toilet paper一卷卫生纸
a ball of wool 一个毛线球
a pane of glass 一块玻璃
a roll of newspaper 一卷报纸
a bar of soap 一块肥皂
a tube of toothpaste 一支牙膏
a packet of cigarettes 一盒香烟
a stick/piece of chalk 一支粉笔
a pad of paper 一叠纸
动物、人
a pack of dogs 一群狗
a troop of monkeys 一群猴子
a brood of chicks 一窝小鸡
a plague [pleɪg] of locusts 一群蝗虫
a swarm of bees 一群蜜蜂
a gang of elks 一群驼鹿
a school of fish 一群鱼
a pack of wolves 一群狼
a herd of cattle 一群家畜
a flock of birds一群鸟
a gang of thieves 一帮小偷（贬义）
a choir ['kwaɪə] of singers 一个唱诗班
a mob of demonstrators 一群示威者
a troop of soldiers 一队士兵
a crew of sailors 一组船员
a pack of dogs 一群狗
a troop of monkeys 一群猴子
a brood of chicks 一窝小鸡
a plague [pleɪg] of locusts 一群蝗虫
a swarm of bees 一群蜜蜂
a gang of elks 一群驼鹿
a school of fish 一群鱼
a pack of wolves 一群狼
a herd of cattle 一群家畜
a flock of birds一群鸟
a gang of thieves 一帮小偷（贬义）
a choir ['kwaɪə] of singers 一个唱诗班
a mob of demonstrators 一群示威者
a troop of soldiers 一队士兵
a crew of sailors 一组船员
食 品
a scoop of ice cream 一个冰淇淋球
（注意，不可用ball）
a slice of pizza 一块披萨
a bar of chocolate 一块巧克力
a loaf of bread 一个面包
a grain of rice 一粒米
a sack of potatoes 一袋土豆
a cube of sugar 一块方糖
a basket of vegetables 一篮蔬菜
a handful of corn 一把玉米
a basket of eggs 一篮子鸡蛋
a crate of bananas 一箱香蕉
a bunch of grapes 一串葡萄
a dash of salt 少量盐
a clove of garlic 一瓣蒜
a scoop of ice cream 一个冰淇淋球
（注意，不可用ball）
a slice of pizza 一块披萨
a bar of chocolate 一块巧克力
a loaf of bread 一个面包
a grain of rice 一粒米
a sack of potatoes 一袋土豆
a cube of sugar 一块方糖
a basket of vegetables 一篮蔬菜
a handful of corn 一把玉米
a basket of eggs 一篮子鸡蛋
a crate of bananas 一箱香蕉
a bunch of grapes 一串葡萄
a dash of salt 少量盐
a clove of garlic 一瓣蒜
液 体
a teaspoon of medicine 一勺药水
a bowl of soup 一碗汤
a pot of tea 一壶茶
a cup of coffee 一杯咖啡
a jug of lemonade 一罐柠檬汁
a carton of juice 一盒果汁
a can of beer 一罐啤酒
a keg of beer 一桶啤酒
a bottle of milk 一瓶牛奶
a glass of milk 一杯牛奶
a tank of gas一箱油
a shot of vodka 一小杯伏特加
（注：烈酒量词多用shot）
a drop of rain 一滴雨水
a gallon of gasoline 一加仑汽油
a teaspoon of medicine 一勺药水
a bowl of soup 一碗汤
a pot of tea 一壶茶
a cup of coffee 一杯咖啡
a jug of lemonade 一罐柠檬汁
a carton of juice 一盒果汁
a can of beer 一罐啤酒
a keg of beer 一桶啤酒
a bottle of milk 一瓶牛奶
a glass of milk 一杯牛奶
a tank of gas一箱油
a shot of vodka 一小杯伏特加
（注：烈酒量词多用shot）
a drop of rain 一滴雨水
a gallon of gasoline 一加仑汽油
自 然
a stretch of field 一片原野
a bolt of lightning 一道闪电
a flood of moonlight 一片月光
a beam of light 一束光线
a layer of rock 一层岩石
a cloud of smoke 一团烟雾
a blade of grass 一片草叶
a block of wood 一块木头
a thin coat of ice 一层薄冰
a gust of wind 一股风
a field of flowers 一片花海
a stretch of field 一片原野
a bolt of lightning 一道闪电
a flood of moonlight 一片月光
a beam of light 一束光线
a layer of rock 一层岩石
a cloud of smoke 一团烟雾
a blade of grass 一片草叶
a block of wood 一块木头
a thin coat of ice 一层薄冰
a gust of wind 一股风
a field of flowers 一片花海
抽象事物
a flood of words 口若悬河
a wisp of a smile 一丝微笑
a burst of laughter 一阵笑声
a flood of tears 泪如泉涌
a train of thoughts 一连串的想法
a piece of information 一条消息
a glimmer of hope 一线希望
a network of railroad 铁路网
a flood of people 人潮如涌
a piece of advice 一条建议
a flood of words 口若悬河
a wisp of a smile 一丝微笑
a burst of laughter 一阵笑声
a flood of tears 泪如泉涌
a train of thoughts 一连串的想法
a piece of information 一条消息
a glimmer of hope 一线希望
a network of railroad 铁路网
a flood of people 人潮如涌
a piece of advice 一条建议
Unit 8: When is your birthday?
Main points
询问生日、年龄
学校活动/邀请同学参加活动
school trip, soccer game, book sale, art festival, party, Sports Day, School Day, English Day,
Key sentences
When is your birthday? --- It's on February 25th.
How old are you? --- I'm 23 years old.
See you! ; See you later/this afternoon/soon/then/tomorrow.
Grammar
时间介词
in年in月in季节，in the后+早午晚
on天on日on星期，on+具体某天早午晚
at noon, at night, at the weekend, at 在具体某时某刻前
序数词
first 第一 second 第二 third 第三 fourth 第四 fifth 第五 sixth 第六 seventh 第七 eighth 第八
ninth 第九 tenth 第十 eleventh 第十一 twelfth 第十二 thirteenth 第十三 fourteenth 第十四 fifteenth 第十五
sixteenth 第十六 seventeenth 第十七 eighteenth 第十八 nineteenth 第十九 twentieth 第二十 thirtieth 第三十
fortieth 第四十 fiftieth 第五十 sixtieth 第六十 seventieth 第七十 eightieth 第八十 ninetieth 第九十
hundredth 第一百 thousandth 第一千 millionth 第一百万 billionth 第十亿
ninth 第九 tenth 第十 eleventh 第十一 twelfth 第十二 thirteenth 第十三 fourteenth 第十四 fifteenth 第十五
sixteenth 第十六 seventeenth 第十七 eighteenth 第十八 nineteenth 第十九 twentieth 第二十 thirtieth 第三十
fortieth 第四十 fiftieth 第五十 sixtieth 第六十 seventieth 第七十 eightieth 第八十 ninetieth 第九十
hundredth 第一百 thousandth 第一千 millionth 第一百万 billionth 第十亿
对于非整十的两位序数词：非整十的两位序数词的构成方法是，将相应的基数词的个位变为序数词。如“第六十七”可表示为 sixty-seventh。
对于多位数的序数词：多位序数词的构成方法是将相应的基数词的个位变为序数词，其余都用基数词。如“第736”可表示为 seven hundred and thirty-sixth。
Extension
some festivals
Children's Day, National Day, Women's Day, New Year's Day, Chrismas Day, Valentines Day, Mothers Day, Youth Day, Labour Day...
Unit 9: My favorite subjuct is science.
Main points
课程
P.E. , art, science, music, geography, history, Chinese, English, physics, chemistry, biology, politics
介绍课程
what, why, who ,when.（特殊疑问句的大融合）
Key sentences
What's your favorite subject? --- My favorite subject is art.
Why do you like art? --- Because it's interesting.
How's your day?--- Great! Today 's my day!
Who is your music teacher? ---My music teacher is Ms. Xu.
When is your geography class? --- It's on Monday and Friday.
Our Chinese teacher ,Mrs.Wang ,is great fun.
Extension
E-mail 的书写
左对齐
徐梦颖2021.7.22
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