Relative pronouns
2021-12-24 13:44:53 10 举报AI智能生成
关系代词
作者其他创作
大纲/内容
主格关系代词
who
We use who or that in a relative clause when we are talking about people(not things).
The man who wears sunglasses is my father.
The man is my father.
The man wears sunglasses.
I don't like people who get out of temper easily.
I don't like people.
They get out of temper easily.
I don't like boys who wears skirts.
which
I live the house which stands on the hill.
I live the house.
The house stands on the hill.
English is a language who is spoken all over the world.
English is a language.
It is spoken all over the world.
that
People who/that help doctors and look after patients are called nurses.
People who teach students are called teachers.
I like the building which was designed by Mr.Wu.
I like the building which Mr.Wu designed.
格的关系代名词其后所接的动词, 须与先行词的单复数一致
Tom is one of the boys who are fond of sports.
I know a child who is goot at surfing.
Adults don't like children who tell lies.
that的不同用法
指示代名词
The weather in Taipei is cooler than **the weather**/that in Kaohsiung.
指示形容词
Look at that dog
关系代名词
The boy who is playing the guitar is Jimmy.
连接词
I think that honesty is the best policy.
所有格关系代名词
所有格whose→先行词(人；事物；动物)+所有格关系代名词whose+名词
I know a girl whose father is a journalist.
I know a girl.
Her father is a journalist.
Look at the house whose roof is damaged.
Look at the house.
Its roof is damaged.
受格关系代词
受格whom→先行词(人)+受格关系代名词whom +主词 +动词+(介系词)
口语中, 受格关代whom也可用who代替
The man whom married him is a teacher.
The man is a teacher.
She married him.
The woman whom you want to see has just left the office.
The woman has just left the office.
You want to see her.
受格which→先行词(事物；动物)+受格关系代名词which +主词+动词+ (介系词)
Here is magazine which I borrowed from Miss Wang.
Here is a magazine.
I borrowed it from Miss Wang.
Remember the advice which I gave you.
Remember the advice.
I gave you the advice.
受格that→先行词(人；事物；动物)+受格关系代名词that +主词+动词+(介系词)
The girl whom my dad is talking to is very cute.
The girl is very cute.
My dad is talking to her.
The sandwiches (which) we ate for lunch were not delicious.
特别注意的关系代名词
受格的关系代名词可省略
The sandwiches (which) we ate for lunch were not delicious.
Soccer is sport I like (the)best.
The covers I have are my bed are heavy.
介系词+受格关系代名词
The man who/whom/that you are speaking of is our principal.
The man you are speaking of is our principal.
The man of whom you are speaking is our pincipal.
The train which/that we are waiting for is now half an hour late.
The train we are waiting for is now half an hour late.
The train for which we are waiting is now half an hour late.
介系词放关系代名词前, 关代不可用that, 也不可省略
关系代名词只用that
先行词前有最高级
Today is the coldest day (that) we have experienced.
先行词前有序数
Kenny was the first boy that rushed out of the classroom.
先行词为人、事物或动物同时出现
Take a look at the boy and his dog that are coming this way.
先行词前有疑问词who(谁)、which(哪一个
who that has seen the photos of starving children doesn't want to help them?
which was the bag (that) you left in the train?
先行词有all, no, every, any, ……thing, ……one
All (that) students have to do is (to)study hard.
what students have to do is (to)study hard.这里的what=all+that
She has every thing (that) a woman could wish for.
先行词前有the only, the same, the very(正是)
He was the only one that trusted me.
This is the very novel that I have looked for.
※口诀：
1. 最高级、序数、人+物、避免重复。
2. all, no, every, any, the……
限定用法及非限定用法
限定用法
He has two daughters who became actresses.女儿可能不只两个
非限定用法
He has two daughters,who became actresses.女儿只有两个
I,who is your best friend,centainly will help you.
My brother,who is dentist,is studying in the US.
比较
限定
没有逗号
可用that代替
受格关代可省略
非限定
有逗号
不可用that代替
关代不可省略
修饰名词的字、片语、子句
置于名词前的形容词、分词
置于名词后的形容词、形容词片语、形容词子句
a red flower
现在分词+名词→单独一个字的现在分词位于名词前, 表"进行"或"主动"
a blooming flower (→朵盛开的花)
过去分词+名词→单独一个字的过去分词位于名词前, 表"完成"或"被动"
a fallen flower (一朵落花)
置于名词后的形容词、形容词片语、形容词子句
~thing / ~body +形容词
an interestng thing 一件有趣的事
something interesting (某件有趣的事)
名词+形容词片语→由介系词、分词、不定词引导
The pen on the desk is mine.
Will you give me a pen which I can wirte with?=>Will you give me a pen to write with?
He drew a sleeping a cat.
He drew a cat sleeping on the chair.
This is the window which/that broken by Tom.
名词+形容词子句→由关系代名词引导
Do you think the lady who wears a dress is pretty?
Do you think the lady wearing a dress is pretty?
Do you think the lady in a dress is pretty?
Definition
A relative pronoun tell us which person or thing(or what kind of pesron or thing) the speak means.
Two jobs
Replace noun
Counjunction
examples
I have a friend and he lives in Paris.
I have a friend.
The friend lives in Paris.
I have a friend who lives in Paris.
I have a friend.
The friend lives in Paris.
kinds
先行词对应关系代词
格的用法
关系代名词的同义表现
a
We use -ing clauses to say what somebody(or something) is (or was) doing at a particular time.
The boy who is standing at the gate is my son.
The boy standing at the gate is my son.
We also can use an -ing clause to say what happens all the time, not just at a particular time.
There is a notice that says, "No parking".
There is a notice saying, "No parking".
b
This is a cake which he is making.
This is a cake which/that was made by Mr.White.
This a cake made by Mr.White.
The passengers injured in the accident were taken to hospital.
The passengers who were injured in the accident were taken to hospital.
c
She is a girl who has blond hair.
She is a girl having blond hair.
She is a girl with blond hair.
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