英语语法主谓一致知识点笔记总结
2022-10-26 09:34:09 0 举报AI智能生成
英语语法主谓一致知识点笔记总结
作者其他创作
大纲/内容
语法一致
主语复数，谓语复数；主语单数，谓语单数；如果主语是不可数名词，谓语用单数
两个以上的名词组成一个整体概念做主语时，位于用单数
The novelist and the poet are going to Europe next year.(be)
The novelist and poet is going to Europe next year.(be)
专用名词如：书名，戏剧名，报刊名，国家（组织名），用单数
1.The Arabian Nights is very interesting.(be)
2.The United States is founded in 1776.
表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语做主语时，视为整体用单数
Ten minutes is enough(be)
Twenty years has passed since he left.(have)
加、减、乘、除等数学运算的谓语动词通常用单数
10 plus 3 is 30
and连接的两个主语或多个主语前有each, every， no 等修饰语时，谓语用单数
Every hour and every minute is spread (be) important.
非谓语动词，从句或其他短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
To get up early and to go to sleep early is good for your health.
意义一致
并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数，这时 and 后面的名词前没有冠词。
The secretary of the Party branch and director of that factory often works with the workers.
陈述部分用everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nobody, no one或 no +复数名词等作主语时，反意部分用they。而陈述部分用everything,something,nothing, anything时，反意部分代词则采用单数，用it。
Everything is all right, isn’t it?
Somebody is waiting for you, aren’ they?
主语是以-ics 结尾的学科名词以及news , works (工厂)等都属形式复数，而意义单数的名词，其谓语用单数形式。另外means一词单复数同形应视具体情况而定。
Mathematics seems to be difficult to learn.
A new means of teaching is being used in that school.
学科名词前如有物主代词修饰时，谓语常用复数。
My mathematics are weak.
the +形容词或分词作主语时，如指一类人。其谓语用复数，如指抽象概念，其谓语用单数
The rich are not always happy.
The new is sure to replace the old
主语是family, team, group, crowd, class, committee等集合名词时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式，如指的是全体人员时，谓语用复数。
His family are all music lovers.
类似这样的集体名词有： family, class, audience, committee, crowd, crew, group, party, population, team, public, council, village等。
主语 people 作“人们，人民”解时，谓语动词用复数，作“民族”解时，有单复数之分。(police , cattle , public )
Our people is a great one.
There are 56 peoples in China.
主语是疑问代词who, what, which,不定代词all, more, most, any, none等以及名词half, part, the rest等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视情况而定。
Half of the visitors are from Europe.
Half of the fruit is bad.
“……的几分之几”和“……的百分之几” 作主语时，其谓语用单数或复数取决于 of 后的名词。
Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.
40 percent of the students in our class are girls.
“one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句”之前有the only, the very, the等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。
She is the only one of these women who plays the violin.
one of +复数名词+（单）谓语
One of the students is from the south.
one of+复数名词+定语从句（从句动词用复数）
He is one of the boys who are ready to help others
the (only) one of+名词（复数）+定语从句，从句中谓语动词用单数，表示众多中只有一个
He is the only one of the students who comes earliest.
就近一致
舍近求远
以along with, together with, with, as well as, accompanied by, rather than, but, except
Nobody but Jane knows the secret. know
All but one were here just now.
舍远求近
由not only … but also, neither…nor, either…or, not …but以及or连接的并列主语，谓语动词要与最靠近它的主语在数上保持一致。
Not only I but also Jane and Mary are tired of having one examination after another.
One or perhaps more pages are missing. is
Peter, perhaps John, is playing with the little dog.
Have neither he or I finished the experiment?
在倒装句中以及在There be …结构中，如主语是并列的，谓语动词往往和其后面的第一个主语取得数上的一致。
There is a pen , two pencils and five books on the desk.
考察热点
由 many a 或 more than + 单数名词作主语时，其谓语用单数形式。
Many a foreigner has been to the Great Wall.
More than one student has visited the exhibition.
主语是一些只有复数形式的名词，如clothes, trousers, glasses, compasses, scissors, shoes, socks, gloves等时，谓语用复数。但这类表示成双的东西的名词前有a pair of修饰时，谓语用单数。
My trousers are being washed now.
There is a pair of shoes in the box.
a number of + 名词复数”作主语，谓语用复数； “ the number of + 名词复数”作主语，谓语用单数。
A number of pupils like reading picture-books.
The number of the students in our class is 55
成对的名词，如bread and butter涂黄油的面包，soda and water汽水，coffee and milk加牛奶的咖啡，aim and end目的，salt and water盐开水等，虽然有and连接，但仍表单一概念，作主语时，谓语用单数。
A knife and fork is on the table.
在定语从句中主语是关系代词who, that, which,谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。
I, who am your teacher, will teach you everything I know.
主语是表示数量的“one and a half +复数名词”，其谓语用单数形式。主语是“one or two + 复数名词”，其谓语用复数形式。
One and a half bananas is left on the table.
There are one or two things I‘d like to know about.
用引号的词语作主语时，谓语用单数第三人称。
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