Endomembrane system(physiology)

an interconnecting network of tubular membrane

glycerol phospholipids(building membranes)

sphingomyelin(the only nonglycerol phospholipid in cell membrane)is synthesized from ceramide in the goli apparatus.

ceramides

fattey acids

steroids(e.g.hormones)

take part in the synthesis of various lipids

Function

SER(free of ribosomes)

the lumen of RER is connected to nuclear envelope

Secretory proteins

integral membrane proteins

soluble proteins of organeles

Proteins synthesized on ribosomes of RER: 

recognizes and binds to ER singal sequence

interacts with the ribosome to block further translation

binds to the ER membrane (docking protein:receptor protein)

Signal Recognition Particle(SRP)

the transport of the proteins

glycosylation in the RER

the folding of proteins

the information of disulfide bonds within polypeptide

Modification and processing of newly synthesized proteins

the lumen od RER contains:PDI -transfer incorrect disulfide bonds to correct dislfide bonds within the polypeptides.

RER(covered with ribosomes)

Endoplasmic reticulum(ER)

consists of a stack of flatted vesicles and tubules

Polarity organelle:has a cis face and a trans face

a site of  O-linked glycosylation

Golgi complex

Endosome

common in animal cells but rare in plant cells.

a tiny membrane-bound organelle found in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells containing various acid hydrolytic enzymes that can digest every kind of biological molecule. 

Marker enzyme:acid phosphatase

contain about 50 types of hydrolytic enzymes. All are acid hydrolases.

PH:5.0 in its interior

Structure

endocytosis:pinocytosis and phagocytosis

Lysosomes are involved in:pinocytosis phagocytosisautophagy exocytosis

Autolysis

Lysosomal storage diseases

Concerning Diseases

Lysosome

Physiological significance

Endomembrane system