CYTOSKELETON
2023-04-02 23:09:56 0 举报
AI智能生成
CYTOSKELETON(CYTOLOGY)
作者其他创作
大纲/内容
Intermembrane filament/IF
Assembly process
don't need GTP or ATP
The two dimers form tetramers in opposite directions, so that the tetramer-based intermediate filament has no polarity
Affecting drugs
keratin
Function
Supporting cells
Forming a complete support grid system in the cell
Provide mechanical strength support for cells
Substence Transport
Cell differentiation
子主题
In adjacent cells, a connective structure is formed between the cell and the basement membrane
Singaling
Disease concerning
Kaetagener
Wiskott-Aldrich
EBS
Microtubule/MT
a hollow tubular structure located in the cytoplasm, which exists in all eukaryotic cells, and is most abundant in brain tissues. Microtubules are distributed in the form of reticular or fascicular in cells.
tubulin
Types
α-tubulin
β-tubulin
Assembly process
① GTP-β tubulin binding to GTP has a strong affinity with the end of microtubule and is easy to be added to form straight fibrils;
② Concentration of free GTP-tubulin heterodimer above critical concentration. CC), the heterodimers can be assembled into microtubes.
③ The assembly of microtubules mainly takes place at the positive electrode.
④ Low temperature, elevated Ca 'concentration and treatment with drugs (e.g. colchicine, paclitaxel, et
Affecting drugs
paclitaxel
promote polymerization
colchicine
block polymerization
Function
Maintenance of cell morphology by scaffold action
Involved in the transport of intracellular substances
Maintain location and distribution of organelles
Elements that make up the motion of cilia and flagell
Formation of spindle and the movement of chromosome
Microfilament/MF
Composition and morphology of microfilaments
Microfilaments are filamentous structures composed of actin that are thinner, shorter, but more ductile than microtubules
The head and tail of the actin monomer are connected and polymerized to form actin fibers, and two parallel actin fibers are twined with each other in a right-handed spiral manner to form microfilaments with a diameter of about 7nm. The pitch is 36 nm or 14 actin monomers, shaped like a double-stranded rope. The cleavage in the actin monomer structure makes the protein itself polar, and it always follows the same direction during the assembly into the microfilament, so the microfilament is also a polar structure.
Assembly process
Nucleation phase
Extension phase
Equilibrium phase
Affecting drugs
Phalloidal cyclic peptide
Cytochalasin
Function
To form a scaffold for cells and maintain their morphology
Participate in muscle contraction
Participate in cell division to form a contractile loop (actin and troponin)
Participate in cell movement
cytosis
Metamorphosis motion
phagocytosis
Substance Transport
Signaling
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