一般现在时语法总结
2023-11-17 16:14:42 2 举报AI智能生成
一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，表示现在的特征或状态。其动词形式是：动词原形(只有第三人称单数作主语时除外，要加-s)其疑问句和否定句需要用助动词do或does。
作者其他创作
大纲/内容
系表结构
人称代词主格(主语) + is/are/am + 形容词(表语)
Be 的变化规则
I -- am 、We--are、 You--are、 She -- is、 He --is 、 It --is、 They--are
I -- am 、We--are、 You--are、 She -- is、 He --is 、 It --is、 They--are
I am capable.
You are happy.
She is rich.
You are happy.
She is rich.
名词(主语) + is/are + 形容词(表语)
专用名词的人名和地名作主语时（单数概念），be --->is
Nick is busy.
Nick is famous.
Nick is famous.
如果是并列人名或地名作主语（复数概念），be-->are
Nick and Jack are busy.
Guangzhou and Beijing are big.
Guangzhou and Beijing are big.
可数名词单数作主语，be -->is
The student is happy.
This student is happy.
My student is happy.
Nick`s student is happy.
This student is happy.
My student is happy.
Nick`s student is happy.
可数名词复数作主语，be -->are
Teachers are busy.
The teachers are busy.
My teachers are busy.
The teachers are busy.
My teachers are busy.
不可数名词作主语 be -->is 也是特别强调泛指。（单数概念）
Water is important.
The Water is important.
The Water is important.
人称代词主格(主语) + is/are/am + 名词(表语)
名词作表语要考虑名词的单复数规则以及一些逻辑问题
表示人的名词---人名
I am Nick.
You are Jack.
She is Lily.
You are Jack.
She is Lily.
只有主语是I 的情况下 Be动词才是am
表示职业的名词
I am a doctor.
You are a student.
I am his doctor.
They are teachers.
It is my room(it 可以表示物。所有表语也可以表示是事物)
You are students.
You are a student.
I am his doctor.
They are teachers.
It is my room(it 可以表示物。所有表语也可以表示是事物)
You are students.
名词(主语) + is/are + 名词(表语)
形容词性物主代词(主语) + is/are + 名词（表语）
一个人名或一个地名作主语用（专有名词） be--->is
Nick is a teacher.
Tony is my barber.
Tony is my barber.
表示并列的人名或地名作主语 be -->are
Nick and Jack are teachers.
可数名词单数作主语 be --->is
My father is a teacher.
His sister is a nurse.
His sister is a nurse.
可数名词复数作主语 be -->are
The teachers are my friends.
My students are bosses.
My students are bosses.
不可数名词作主语 (单数概念)be --> is
Rice is important food.
The rice is my breakfast.
The rice is my breakfast.
主语 + be + 表语句型在一般现在时态里面变否定词
只需要在肯定句be(is/are/am)后面添加否定词not就可以了
I am a teacher.
I am not a teacher.
I am not a teacher.
She is pretty.
She is not pretty.
She is not pretty.
主语 + be + 表语句型在一般现在时态里面变为一般疑问句
将肯定句里面的be(is/are/am)移动到句首再加问号。
但是一定要根据实际情况，将主语的人称改变一下，又因为人称变化了，所有be 也要跟着变化
但是一定要根据实际情况，将主语的人称改变一下，又因为人称变化了，所有be 也要跟着变化
肯：I am a teacher.
疑：Are you a teacher?
肯定回答：Yes，I am.
否定回答：No，I am not.
疑：Are you a teacher?
肯定回答：Yes，I am.
否定回答：No，I am not.
肯：She is pretty.
疑：Is She pretty?
肯定回答：Yes.She is.
疑问回答：No,She is not.
疑：Is She pretty?
肯定回答：Yes.She is.
疑问回答：No,She is not.
They are farmers.
Are They farmers?
Yes,they are.
No,they are not.
Are They farmers?
Yes,they are.
No,they are not.
We are students.
Are you students?
Yes,we are.
No,we are not.
Are you students?
Yes,we are.
No,we are not.
My sister is beautiful.
Is your sister beautiful？
Is your sister beautiful？
主谓宾结构
非单三
谓语动词为原型
谓语动词为原型
人称代词主格（主语） + 不及物动词原型（谓语）+ 【状语】 不及物动词没有宾语
I sleep every day.
We bathe every day.
You work every day.
They dance every day.
We bathe every day.
You work every day.
They dance every day.
名词复数（主语） + 不及物动词原型（谓语） + 状语
My friends work every day.
The children`s fathers dance every day.
These mothers run every day.
The children`s fathers dance every day.
These mothers run every day.
并列人名时的谓语不及物动词也是原型(复数概念)
Nick and Jack work every day.
Nick and Jack work every day.
人称代词主格（主语） + 及物动词原型（谓语） + 宾语 + 状语
I bake potatoes every day.
You believe me.
We believe the doctor.
You buy a book every year.
We eat apples every day.
You believe me.
We believe the doctor.
You buy a book every year.
We eat apples every day.
名词复数（主语） + 及物动词原型（谓语）+宾语+状语
My friends believe Nick.
My classmates buy new clothes every year.
The nurses believe the doctor.
My daughters drink milk every day.
My classmates buy new clothes every year.
The nurses believe the doctor.
My daughters drink milk every day.
并列名词作主语 + 及物动词原型（谓语）+宾语
Nick and Jack buy clothes every day.
Nick and Jack buy clothes every day.
主语（非第三人称单数）+谓语+宾语 ---->一般疑问句
在肯定句的局首加一个助动词---do，没有意思，只是帮助构成疑问句，有时需要根据逻辑，需要改变一下主语的人称。
I read books every day.
Do you read books every day?
They sell fruit.
Do they sell fruit?
My friends work every day.
Do your friends work every day?
The Nurese work every day.
Do the Nurses work every day?
Do you read books every day?
They sell fruit.
Do they sell fruit?
My friends work every day.
Do your friends work every day?
The Nurese work every day.
Do the Nurses work every day?
主语（非第三人称单数）+谓语+宾语---->一般否定句
在谓语动词的前面加助动词do的否定式do not或简写don`t
I read books every day.
I don’t read books every day.
I work every day.
I don’t work every day.
I don’t read books every day.
I work every day.
I don’t work every day.
单三
谓语动词变为第三人称单数格式
谓语动词变为第三人称单数格式
一般现在时态主谓宾第二种构成方式：当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要变成第三人称单数格式。第三人称单数，主要是因为名词前面的定语影响。
Your father---->your 是father的定语，所以father是第三人称单数。
Your father---->your 是father的定语，所以father是第三人称单数。
以下词语作主语时，谓语动词是第三人称单数：
1、人称代词主格：she、he、it
2、所有的名词的单数：train、bus、father、mother、doctor
3、一个人名、地名，都是第三人称单数：Nick，Jack、Beijing
4、不可数名词：water、sugar
5、指示代词：this、that
6、主语从句等
1、人称代词主格：she、he、it
2、所有的名词的单数：train、bus、father、mother、doctor
3、一个人名、地名，都是第三人称单数：Nick，Jack、Beijing
4、不可数名词：water、sugar
5、指示代词：this、that
6、主语从句等
1、人称代词主格的第三人称单数 + 不及物动词第三人称格式 + 状语
She runs every day.
He laughs every day.
It sleeps every day.
He laughs every day.
It sleeps every day.
2、名词单数 + 不及物动词第三人称格式 + 状语
My father swims every day.
Your father works every day.
His father works every day.
This classmate runs every day.
Your father works every day.
His father works every day.
This classmate runs every day.
人名为专属名词，第三人称单数，可以直接作主语，不需要加限定词和冠词。
Nick runs every day.
Nick runs every day.
3、人称单词主格的第三人称单数 + 及物动词第三人称单数格式 + 宾语 + 状语
She buys books every day.
He drinks water every day.
It eats pork every day.
He drinks water every day.
It eats pork every day.
4、名词单数 + 及物动词第三人称单数格式 + 宾语 + 状语
My friend believes the doctor.
His sister likes English.
Her boyfrinend bakes potatoes every day.
His sister likes English.
Her boyfrinend bakes potatoes every day.
人名为专属名词也是第三人称单数，可以直接作主语，不需要加限定词和冠词。
Nick likes money.
Nick likes money.
5、主语（第三人称单数） + 谓语 + 宾语在一般现在时态里面变一般疑问句的规则
在句子首添加助动词 does 再把第三人称单数的格式变回原型，注意有时根据逻辑主语的人称需要改变一下。
肯定句 ：She likes playing Pingpong.
一般疑问句：Does she like playing Pingpong？
一般疑问句：Does she like playing Pingpong？
肯定句：He has a cat.
疑问句：Does he have a cat？
疑问句：Does he have a cat？
He speaks Japanese.
Does he speak Japanese?
Does he speak Japanese?
My friend works every day.
Does your friend work every day?
Does your friend work every day?
6、主语（第三人称单数） + 谓语 + 宾语 再一般现在时态变否定句
在谓语动词前添加does的否定式--->does not(doesn`t)，然后谓语动词变为原型
He has a cat.
He doesn`t have a cat.
He doesn`t have a cat.
My father likes wine.
My father doesn`t like wine.
My father doesn`t like wine.
用法
主谓宾
1、表示真理性、客观性的动作和状态。
The earth is round.
The earth is round.
2、表示经常性的、习惯性的、有规律的动作和状态的时候。
I often eat rice.
I am poor.
I often eat rice.
I am poor.
主系表
1、不会很轻易的改变的状态。
He is a boy.
The house is very big.
He is a boy.
The house is very big.
2、此时此刻的状态。
I am tired now.
I am tired now.
一般现在时态的时间状语
一般现在时态的时间状语都是表示经常性的、习惯性的或者有规律性的词语
Every + 表示时间的名词单数，可以直接充当一般现在时态的时间状语
一般现在时态的时间状语也可以是由频度副词充当。
常用的频度副词：Always、often、usually、never
1、主系结构--->放在Be\助动词\情态动词后面
I am often late.
She is always hard-working.
Do you always get up late?
Can you often read English?
She is always hard-working.
Do you always get up late?
Can you often read English?
2、主谓结构--->放在实义动词前面，主语+（频度副词）+谓语+宾语
I never drink wine.
l often play basketball.
She always comes back late at night.
I don`t often eat rice.
l often play basketball.
She always comes back late at night.
I don`t often eat rice.
3、频度副词和时间状语是可以一起出现的，但是要注意逻辑问题：
I always eat bread every day. 有矛盾！！！
改为：I always eat bread every mornig.
改为：I always eat bread every mornig.
备注
非单三 ：
主语是第一人称单数、第二人称、第三人称复数、名词复数
单三
主语是第三人称单数、名词单数、不可数名词
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