英语词根词缀系统整理 (1)
2025-03-24 18:09:01 0 举报
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In the realm of English lexicology, a comprehensive understanding of the root, affixes, and their combinatory mechanisms is pivotal. Roots, serving as the foundational base of a word, convey its core meaning, while affixes, which are prefixes and suffixes primarily, modify the root's sense or adjust the grammatical properties. The marriage of these elements follows syntactic and semantic rules, resulting in a rich tapestry of vocabulary. A well-structured document, often a pedagogical guide or a scholarly article, serves as an excellent resource to unravel this intricate system. It might be filled with enlightening examples and subtle nuance descriptions. This guide, designed for linguists, educators, and language enthusiasts alike, aims to demystify the English lexicon, enhancing both receptive and productive language skills.
作者其他创作
大纲/内容
常见前缀
表示否定
un-(不,非) happy→ unhappy(不快乐)certain→ uncertain(不确定)
in-/im-/il-/ir-(不,非)correct→ incorrect(不正确)possible→ impossible(不可能)
表示时间/顺序
pre-(之前) view→ preview(预览)historic→ prehistoric(史前的)
post-(之后) war→ postwar(战后的)graduate→ postgraduate(研究生)
核心词根
动作类
act(做,行动) action(行动)react(反应)
gress(行走) progress(进步)aggressive(侵略的)
感知类
spect(看) inspect(检查)perspective(视角)
aud(听) audience(听众)auditorium(礼堂)
高频后缀
名词后缀
tion/-sion(状态/结果)create→ creation(创造)decide→ decision(决定)
ment(行为/结果)develop→ development(发展)govern→ government(政府)
形容词后缀
able/-ible(能够...的)read→ readable(易读的)flex→ flexible(灵活的)
ous(充满...的)danger→ dangerous(危险的)fame→ famous(著名的)
使用建议
结合具体单词记忆(如"predict"= pre前+ dict说)
注意变形规律(如"-tion"常接动词后)
建立词族网络(如spect→inspect/respect/spectator)
关注希腊/拉丁语源差异(如hydro水 vs aqua水)
提示:建议配合词源词典使用,注意同源词在不同语言中的演变(如"father"与"paternal"同源)
复合词根
bio(生命)+ graph(写)→ biography(传记)
tele(远)+ scope(看)→ telescope(望远镜)
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